Illusion Never Changes

Inovasi pembelajaran merupakan sebuah upaya pembaharuan terhadap berbagai komponen yang diperlukan dalam penyampaian materi pelajaran berupa ilmu pengetahuan dari dosen kepada para mahasiswa dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan yang berlangsung. Mata kuliah Pembangunan dan Perubahan Masyarakat Program Doktoral Ilmu Sosial Fisip Unair menghadirkan pola ujian yang tidak biasa. Lewat penugasan video presentasi singkat melatih kemampuan analisis dan public speaking calon doktor ini.  Selengkapnya 

 Bagian 1 Sosio Historis Konsep Birokrasi I Max Weber Benarkah birokrasi itu ribet dan berbelit? Untuk memahami gagasan Weber tentang birokrasi, perlu dimulai dengan kerangka sosiologi politiknya yang ditemukan pada konsep birokrasi. Weber merasa bahwa semua kekuasaan membutuhkankepercayaan pada legitimasinya jika ingin menjadi stabil.Video ini membedah secara kompehensif pemikiran Max Weber mengenai birokrasi. Bagian 2 Dikotomi Adminsitrasi Politik Netralitas Mengapa ASN harus netral? Sampai saat ini, pengabaian dikotomi secara luas belum menghasilkan pengabaian nilai netralitas politik yang sama luasnya, apalagi dukungan terhadap kebalikan logisnya: keberpihakan politik para administrator. Bahkan para pengkritik dikotomi tersebut tampaknya menghargai netralitas politik sebagai kualitas penting pegawai negeri. Video ini membahas dikotomi administrasi politik netralitas. Silahkan dikaji dua permasalahan ini: 1.Apa yang dimaksud dengan netralitas politik dan contoh-contohnya? 2....

 Bagian 1  Konsep dan Teori tentang Pemilu dan Demokrasi Pemilu adalah prosedur khas untuk sistem demokrasi (negara semi – demokrasi), tetapi juga sistem yang tidak menghormati prinsip-prinsip demokrasi (rezim non-demokratis) sering menggunakannya. Karena posisi fungsional yang berbeda, mereka memenuhi berbagai fungsi. fungsi dasar yang hadir sebagai pemilihan (pemilu): delegasi perwakilan politik, pemilihan elit politik, legitimasi bagi elite/pemerintah yang berkuasa, kontrol atas otoritas, akuntabilitas politik, pembuatan program politik, pengembangan citra opini publik. semakin lama serangkaian pemilu yang tidak terputus yang dimiliki suatu negara, semakin masyarakatnya akan dijiwai dengan kualitas demokrasi. Benarkah demikian? Bagian 2 Pemilu Otoriter Pemilu otoriter berfungsi membantu memperkuat rezim otoriter dan mencegah demokratisasi. Pertama, pemilu otoriter berfungsi sebagai sarana mendistribusikan kekuatan politik di antara orang dalam dan orang luar rezim. Kedu...

Bagian 1  Memahami Metode Perbandingan Politik Metode perbandingan itu umumnya digunakan untuk mempelajari fenomena sosial dan politik, harus ada sesuatu tentang perbandingan sebagai metode. Di dalam Ilmu Fisika perbandingan dapat dilakukan di laboratorium dalam kondisi yang dikontrol dengan hati-hati, sementara dalam Ilmu Sosial untuk meniru kondisi laboratorium sangat tidak mungkin dilakukan. Jadi metode komparatif itu metode ilmiah. Giovanni Sartori memberi tahu kita bahwa dalam metode komparatif ada fungsi kontrol atau sistem pemeriksaan pada variabel, yang merupakan bagian integral dari penelitian ilmiah. Bagian penting dari eksperimen laboratorium, dapat dicapai dalam ilmu sosial hanya melalui perbandingan Bagian 2 Apakah metode perbandingan itu ilmiah ? Metode komparatif sebagai salah satu metode ilmiah dasar. Karena itu, ruang lingkupnya lebih sempit daripada apa yang ada dalam pikiran Harold D. Lasswell ketika dia berpendapat bahwa bagi siapa pun yang menerapkan pendekat...

  Masihkah posisi perempuan termarginalkan dalam kuota? Perlukah kuota gender dalam sebuah demokrasi? Perempuan menempati posisi yang terpinggirkan di berbagai lembaga politik. Kursi yang minimun menjadi hal yang kerap terjadi pada sistem politik yang berjalan secara patriarkhi. Apakah semua negara yang dianggap paling demokratis telah melaksanakan kuota gender secara baik dan benar? Video ini bagian pertama dari Mata Kuliah: Politik Gender dan Demokrasi. Bagian 1 Benarkah semakin banyak kuota perempuan, semakin banyak perempuan yang terpilih? Kuota bukan hanya sekadar mengejar jabatan politik. Kuota adalah rekomendasi kebijakan yang orisinil dan konkret dalam partisipasi politik. Video ini membahas kuota gender dan mengapa harus kuota. Bagian 2

 Political Dilemma of Spatial Planning in Urban Areas The analysis of urban economic and political development has situated the city as an essential growth machine since 1970 (Molotch,1976). The growth machine theory assumes elite groups control that urban growth with land-based interests. The elite is the political elite represented by the city government and the economic elite represented by private developers/investors. To realize this interest, they have converted the land into a property that has added value. This kind of situation can occur with coalitions woven by city governments and developers (Logan, 1987). Along with socio-economic and political changes, cities are not only a growth machine but also have impacts and problems for social ecology and ecology itself. The Surabaya city government (Pemkot Surabaya) runs a coalition with the private sector (developer/ investor). Based on BPS 2016 data, the area of Surabaya in 2016 was 326.81 km2 and the population until the end...

Politicization of Village: A Case Phenomenon in East Java Village politicization aspects, charismatic village heads will be eroded and administrative village heads will emerge which in the end constructs villages to become political and anti-democratic. Money politics or belly politics is a form of giving or promising to bribe someone either so that that person does not exercise his right to vote or so that he can exercise his rights in a certain way at the time of the general election. Purchases can be made using money or goods. The practice of money politics is carried out by giving money and basic necessities such as rice, oil and sugar to the community with the aim of attracting public sympathy so that they can vote for the party concerned. Villages which are part of the democratization process in fact are not free from this problem. The tendency of democratic practice in the village tends to fall into the vortex of procedural democracy. Such things can be seen in the implementatio...

Local Government Implementation: Payaman Village Democracy Practice, Lamongan, East Java-Indonesia  The process of strengthening local democracy in the context of implementing Law no. 26 of 2014 concerning the Village Law, in which the main goal is building villages in order to develop it as an independent, democratic, empowered, and participatory region, so that the village becomes the lowest and smallest unit of democracy and local government administration supported by strengthening at the hamlet level. Villages entered a very important momentum along with the issuance of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. The formed legal politics points to strengthening the village’s existence which aims to prosper the village community. However, it turns out complicated to realize those goals because of several obstacles that happened to appear. One of them is to organize democracy which has been damaged during the village head elections (Pilkades). The implementation of money politics...

This paper describes the practice of carok which is still continuously practiced by ethnic Madurese in East Java, Indonesia. Carok and masculinity are double-edged swords because they are constructed by Madurese ethnic culture. How culture produces values that must be upheld, maintained, and become sacred and even practiced in everyday life. The construction of masculinity inherent in the male gender influences the practice of carok. So that carok is legal and even legitimized by culture. The visibility of male-dominated cultural and criminal violence on ethnic Madurese is very important to study, explore, and explain using the lens of political sociology gender.  Courtesy of Freepick.com  The values of masculinity, self-respect, shame and honor are values that are championed by men and are justified by the prevailing culture as social norms. This study uses a qualitative method. Relying on individual in-depth interview data on the perpetrator's family, the man, and the victim...

The city of Surabaya is approaching as an ideal city that is livable. The ideal condition of a city is not only a matter of public health and environmental cleanliness, but also how to create an ideal environment to live in. City development must refer to the green city concept. In this case, there is a green concept which means referring to the interconnectedness of natural features in the city through urban planning and design, and the possibility of using green measures as an engine of economic growth. Combining environment and economic development is not easy. There are challenges and socio-cultural problems in it. However, what has been done by the Surabaya City Government really needs to be appreciated. All stakeholders play significant role in the development of this city. Courtesy of Freepick.com Surabaya has 570 parks spread throughout the city. Surabaya is comfortable as a place to live and this is inseparable from the strategy in structuring development that is oriented towa...

The Covid-19 Pandemic Dictatorship has proven successful in minimizing the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. Although there is a risk of losing the freedom of residents/inhabitants to interact with other people due to the prohibition on community gatherings. This is all for the health and survival of the population. The Covid-19 pandemic has spawned a surge in the number of public policies with various designs and contents (Weible, et.al., 2020), including the Indonesian government. to apply. There are many policies that have been implemented in Indonesia in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, namely: Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB), Transitional PSBB, Enforcement of Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM), Micro PPKM, and emergency PPKM that apply to the Java-Bali area. until September 2021. The Indonesian government does not issue a lockdown regulation, as this has more negative impacts than positives. People are frustrated, commit suicide, and so on. The Indonesian government...

It's not easy to implement the green city concept in a big city in Surabaya. With the passage of time and the development of green open spaces, the temperature gradually drops to 28-29 degrees Celsius. This green open space continues to be added, until one day, the temperature in Surabaya can reach 22 degrees Celsius. That is the policy target set by the mayor of Surabaya in 2019. The different parks are also the main attraction in Surabaya. The Surabaya City Cleanliness and Green Open Space Service (Dinas Kebersihan dan Ruang Terbuka Hijau/DKRTH) stated that the area of green open space (Ruang Terbuka Hijau) in the capital city of East Java province has now reached 7,356.24 hectares or 21.99 percent of the city area. Courtesy of Freepick.com In Surabaya there are as many as 573 city parks spread over various points which of course can reduce air pollution and lower the temperature in the city of Surabaya. The total area of parks throughout Surabaya until 2020 has reached 1,651.24 ...

The KPK puts forward the concept of three approaches in guarding clean elections. First, a repressive approach that aims to create a deterrent effect. Second, a prevention approach by improving government systems and governance so that people cannot be corrupt. Third, the approach to education and public campaigns. This method targets changes in public awareness, so that people do not want to commit corruption. Courtesy of Freepick.com In Indonesia, on September 23th, 2020, there will be 270 simultaneous regional head elections, which include: 9 provinces, 224 regencies, and 37 cities. In total, there are 32 provinces that will carry out the Pilkada. This simultaneous regional election is considered the right time to elect regional heads with integrity and accountability. Rows of corruption cases have ensnared regional heads to former regional heads in Indonesia. Since the Corruption Eradication Commission (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi/KPK) was formed, 21 governors have been caught in ...

The amount of costs that must be paid by candidates for regional heads and candidates for deputy regional heads during regional head elections is suspected to be the cause of many of them being involved in corruption cases. This condition is compounded by the government's neglect of building a transparent and accountable system. There is a relationship between high election costs and corruption involving regional heads and deputy regional heads. So, when elected and in power, they tend to try to return the capital that has been used to win the Pilkada, either by buying voters' votes, providing basic necessities, and paying money to their success team. This caused the regional head to be arrested by the Corruption Eradication Commission (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi). Courtesy of Freepick.com Acts of corruption with the form and type of not less than seven (7) forms and 30 types of corruption. This is a rule that election organizers and participants should not do. One of these r...

The politics of spatial planning in the city of Surabaya is still far from the spirit of spatial planning as formulated in Law Number 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning, especially paragraph 5 of Article 28, which states that urban spatial planning includes; (a) plans for the provision and utilization of green open space; (b) plan for the provision and utilization of non-green open space; and (c) plans for the provision and utilization of infrastructure and facilities for pedestrian networks, public transportation, informal sector activities, and disaster evacuation rooms, which are needed to carry out the function of the city area as a center for socio-economic services and a center for regional growth. That means, spatial planning has not been fully oriented to the interests of sustainable development. Courtesy of Freepick.com There are problems faced by stakeholders in an area/region. Each region has complex problems related to spatial planning. Every stakeholder has an interest...

Measuring the welfare level of a country only relying on statistical data from per capita income or Gross National Product (GNP) is a step that is often done. However, these data have never been correlated with data on environmental damage, for example, or data on the health level of residents at a certain age (Priemus, 1999: 219). In fact, if we examine the statement in the previous paragraph, high economic activity will also produce high waste material, which in the end leads to great pressure on the environment and has a negative impact on organisms that inhabit the environment. The bad impact can be in the form of health problems on the human body, the personal implication is that it interferes with work productivity as well as high costs for health care. Meanwhile, the political implication is that the government will be under high budget pressure to finance health services for its citizens. Courtesy of Freepick.com  There are problems inherent in urban spatial planning. The i...

The paradigm of development at the beginning of the millennium can be said to have changed, one of the factors that influenced this shift was the issue of global warming at the end of the decade of the 90s. The issue of global warming itself raises the facts of the destruction of the ecological balance caused by rapid industrialization in almost all corners of the earth. Industrialization in first world countries contributes the highest carbon emissions, while in third world countries they are often blamed for their contribution to clearing tropical forests. Courtesy of Freepick.com  The implementation of the concept of sustainable development is not limited to the big plans of national development, but can be applied on a smaller scale such as sustainable city design, or even sustainable home design. Sustainable development has a goal to create a balance of three elements, namely the ecological, social, and economic environment, or in the context of spatial language often referred...

The green city as a concept for realizing green open space in Surabaya is expected to be able to create a balance of land use for development in the economic, socio-political, cultural and environmental fields to achieve the goal of establishing green open space in living in Surabaya. The current area of ​​green open space in Surabaya according to data from the Surabaya City Cleanliness and Parks Service (DKP) is in reality only 3,000 hectares compared to the area of ​​the built area, which is still not sufficient for Surabaya, which is 326 thousand hectares. Based on the East Java RTRWP 2005 – 2020, the green open space in Surabaya should have an area of ​​about 6,500 hectares including urban forest. Courtesy of Freepick.com  The portraits of green open space that already exist in Surabaya are urban forests, city parks, city recreation parks. Successively, the green open space covers an urban forest area in Surabaya, in Lakarsantri covering an area of ​​8 hectares, the Wonorejo Nu...

 There is a serious problem in the distribution of space allocation in the city of Surabaya. The distribution and disparity of Surabaya's urban space is the result of the struggle of the various elements that make up the city of Surabaya in the 1900-1960s. The struggle for space that occurred at that time was caused by the relationship between the poor and the state and private entrepreneurs who faced each other in accessing urban space. The poor who are actually also part of the state entity in every historical period have to deal directly with the state and private entrepreneurs for the same interest, namely the control of urban space. Courtesy of Freepick.com Collusion between the state and private entrepreneurs during the colonial period showed a repressive face in order to exploit resources to the fullest. The poor are the direct victims of this system. Poor people are reproduced continuously and are positioned in non-strategic places such as factory workers, shop assistants, ...

Women’s role as peace promoters and their contribution to inventing peace and post-conflict reconstruction need to be developed. Although this is a big challenge because in everyday life, the role of women as the closest promoters of peace at the grassroots level still encounters many obstacles (structural and cultural). Generally, society and families are influenced by the socio-cultural (traditional) position of women prevailing in certain areas. Courtesy of Freepick.com Women’s role as mother, wife, sister and daughter help to rebuild social networks, revive the local economy, spread the nation's cultural heritage and promote family values that place the values of peace above all else. The potential to influence their husbands or male relatives to seek a more peaceful solution to the conflict should not be underestimated. Therefore, women need to be called for and involved in formulating peace and resolving occurring social conflicts. Women are not only victims and vulnerable, b...