Local Government Implementation: Payaman Village Democracy Practice, Lamongan, East Java-Indonesia

Local Government Implementation: Payaman Village Democracy Practice, Lamongan, East Java-Indonesia 

The process of strengthening local democracy in the context of implementing Law no. 26 of 2014 concerning the Village Law, in which the main goal is building villages in order to develop it as an independent, democratic, empowered, and participatory region, so that the village becomes the lowest and smallest unit of democracy and local government administration supported by strengthening at the hamlet level.

Villages entered a very important momentum along with the issuance of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. The formed legal politics points to strengthening the village’s existence which aims to prosper the village community. However, it turns out complicated to realize those goals because of several obstacles that happened to appear. One of them is to organize democracy which has been damaged during the village head elections (Pilkades).



The implementation of money politics, the emergence of pilkades bookies have tarnished the portrait of the village democracy party. Political history proves to the Indonesian people that money politics is the main destroyer of democracy implementation of the Pilkades practice these days. The candidates for the Village Head act as the subject while the object/target is the community.

Between these two parties, there is indeed a mutually beneficial transaction where the subject will get a vote and the object party will get a material form (money, basic necessities, equipment, etc.). This transactional politics makes the community an easy target for gaining votes, so that people are often called the “voice barn.” On this condition,  it is as if the community is the party who is always blamed for acting as the beneficiary.

A hamlet development led by the hamlet head is important in a series of processes for empowering villagers to participate in politics directly. The practice of village democracy does not only stop at the village head election stage, but also the hamlet head. The regulation for the election of Hamlet Heads at the national level is the Minister of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) Regulation No. 67 of 2017 concerning the appointment and dismissal of Village Apparatus.

Which was then operationalized into the Lamongan Regent's regulation. The election of the hamlet leader is a necessity for good and quality community services in line with the principles of good local governance. The hamlet head election is based on the Lamongan Regent's Regulation No. 43 of 2017 concerning the Appointment and Dismissal of Village officials in Lamongan Regency and the Circular of the Lamongan Regent No. 141/69/413.012/2017 regarding technical instructions for appointing village officials.

The hamlet head election in Payaman Village, Solokuro District, Lamongan Regency in December 2021 is a historic moment in village-level democracy. The contestation among the village head candidates was intense. Selection between hamlet heads began with an initial selection of candidates in the hamlet environment to recruit one to two candidates who will compete democratically. There were seven candidates to fill the post of hamlet head for the three hamlets.

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