The Dictatorship of Pandemic in Indonesia

The Covid-19 Pandemic Dictatorship has proven successful in minimizing the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. Although there is a risk of losing the freedom of residents/inhabitants to interact with other people due to the prohibition on community gatherings. This is all for the health and survival of the population.

The Covid-19 pandemic has spawned a surge in the number of public policies with various designs and contents (Weible, et.al., 2020), including the Indonesian government. to apply. There are many policies that have been implemented in Indonesia in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, namely: Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB), Transitional PSBB, Enforcement of Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM), Micro PPKM, and emergency PPKM that apply to the Java-Bali area. until September 2021. The Indonesian government does not issue a lockdown regulation, as this has more negative impacts than positives. People are frustrated, commit suicide, and so on. The Indonesian government's choice is to focus on regulations that restrict movement/interaction between people. There are some people who obey government regulations and there are those who oppose these regulations. This is part of the dynamics of society that does not understand the exclusive responsibility of the government in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic crisis.

Courtesy of Freepick.com


PSBB and PPKM regulations are biopolitical policies and measures whose aim is to curb the circulation of the virus by limiting the movement of human carriers and limiting their contact with other people in public spaces. The ultimate goal of the regulation is to reduce the Covid-19 infection and the death rate of the population. This means not only the suspension of all forms of social and administrative services, including transport services, but also strict implementation of social distancing norms (Ghosh, 2021). PPKM and PSBB regulations are biopolitics. The pseudo-lockdown regulations affect contact between people within or between populations including restricting travel, closing schools, banning public gatherings, requiring workplace closures, all designed to slow the transmission of the virus.(Violato, Violato, Violato, 2021).

The PSBB and PPKM policies are biopolitical policies. The implementation of the various PSBB and PPKM regulations applies to all residents and no one can refuse the regulations. In biopolitics, the PSBB and PPKM regulations are the government's strategy during a pandemic to isolate its citizens in the context of the pandemic. Many people deliberately violate these regulations. Foucault was the first to identify a biopolitical shift in modern politics, namely the interest of institutions in matters relating to the biological life of the individual. According to Foucault, power relations act directly on the individual body: "The body is immersed in the political field", and power is seen as "the technology of body politics". In other words, biopolitics represents the relationship between power and the body, in which the body is the object of power.

Public understanding of PPKM and PSBB regulations which are considered by the community as policies that reduce freedom in earning a living. This is the main problem, so the community strongly rejects clashes with the security forces. What's interesting about this research is that residents from the lower middle class and from low socioeconomic status understand and respond to PSBB and PPKM regulations, not as a strategy to reduce Covid-19 infection and death rates. On the other hand, residents from the lower middle class prefer to make peace with the COVID-19 pandemic. The peak of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis was from June to August 2021. Within those three months, the number of people infected with Covid-19 and died increased. At the same time, community action against the judiciary operation which involved three pillars (Indonesian National Army-Tentara Nasional Indonesia, Police, and Civil Service Unit/Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja-Satpol PP) in Surabaya City.


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